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Prevalance and patterns of congenital anomalies in a tertiary care centre in Pondicherry

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Original Article

Author Details : Setu Rathod, Sunil Kumar Samal*

Volume : 7, Issue : 1, Year : 2020

Article Page : 71-74

https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijogr.2020.015

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Abstract

Introduction: Advances in ultrasound have helped in better detection of congential anomalies and
termination of lethal anomalies at earlier gestational ages These anomalies contribute to major maternal
and neonatal morbidity. The prevalence of conge nital anomalies varies with geographical location &
ethnicity. In many cases environmental and other maternal risk factors can be identified.
Materials and Methods: The present study is a retrospective cohort study which was conducted in
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Mahatma Gandhi Medical College and Research Institute,
Pondicherry over a 3 year period from September 2016 to September 2019. Antenatal women diagnosed
with congenital anomalies by imaging who delivered in our hospital were included in this study. Different
types of anomalies were classified and risk factors leading to them were assessed.
Results: During the study period out of 6134 deliveries, 140 babies had congenital anomalies leading to a
prevalence of 2.28%. 80 of these babies did not have lethal anomalies and survived but medical termination
of pregnancy was required in 60 cases. 55% of anomalous babies were males. 60.71% cases were seen
in multigravida and 44.3% did not take folic acid in the antenatal period. 25% of cases had history of
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and were on treatment with insulin. Consanguinity was a cause in 27.8% of
cases. 72.14% had normal vaginal delivery whereas 27.86% of cases required Caesarean section. Majority
of congenital anomalies affected the Central Nervous system accounting for 28.5% of cases followed by
gastrointestinal system (20.71%) & musculoskeletal system (20%).
Conclusion: Inspite of good health care facilities in and around Pondicherry, the prevalence of congenital
anomalies remains high. Increased awareness and need of proper counselling may help in reducing these
anomalies.

Keywords: Congenital anomalies, Target scan, Risk factors.

How to cite : Rathod S, Samal S K, Prevalance and patterns of congenital anomalies in a tertiary care centre in Pondicherry. Indian J Obstet Gynecol Res 2020;7(1):71-74

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