A Study of Ectopic pregnancy in a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital

• Author Details:   
• Shamshad Begum Shaikh
• Sandhya Jampala
• S. Shyamala Devi
• M. Mallika

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Aims and Objectives: To study the incidence, risk factors, clinical presentations and sites of Ectopic pregnancy among the patients attending to department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Government General Hospital, Anantapuramu.
Material and Methods: The current prospective study was conducted over a period of 2 years from October 2013 to September 2015 in the department of Obstetrics & Gynecology at Government general hospital, Anantapuramu, Andhra Pradesh, India. Various parameters studied were age, parity, risk factors, symptomatology and sites of ectopic pregnancy, laterality of ectopic pregnancy, admission to surgery interval, and requirement of blood transfusions.
Results: A total of 25 patients were admitted with ectopic pregnancy during the study period amounting to an incidence of 1.6 per 1000 deliveries. Most of the patients were multiparous belonging to the age group 21 to 30 years. Risk factors were present in 64% of cases, the commonest being previous abortion (32%) followed by tubal surgery (24%). The classic triad symptoms observed were history of amenorrhea, pain abdomen and bleeding per vagina. Ampullary part of the fallopian tube was the most frequent site as observed in 48% of cases.  Right fallopian tube was observed to be the most common site of occurrence of ectopic pregnancy. On an average of three units of blood transfusion was administered for each surgery. All patients were managed by surgical intervention within three hours of admission.
Conclusion: Ectopic pregnancy is a challenge for every obstetrician due to its bizarre clinical presentation. Early diagnosis and early intervention would reduce the morbidity and mortality in ectopic pregnancy. Hence ectopic pregnancy should be highly anticipated on an emergency basis in a woman in reproductive age group irrespective of tubal ligation as the condition is compared to black cat in dark room.

Key words: Clinical picture, Ectopic pregnancy, risk factors, surgical intervention