Evaluation of fetomaternal outcome in patients of antepartum hemorrhage in a tertiary care center: A descriptive and observational study

• Author Details:   
• Aruna Verma ^*
• Shazia Parveen

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Background: Antepartum hemorrhage (APH) is a significant obstetric emergency leading to adverse maternal and fetal outcomes.

Aim and Objective: This study aimed to evaluate fetomaternal outcomes in patients with APH in a tertiary care setting.

Materials and Methods: The prospective observational study was conducted on140 cases in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, associated with Lala Lajpat Rai Memorial Medical College, Meerut from 1 November 2022 to 30 October 2023.

Results: The study group primarily consisted of younger adults, with 47.14% aged between 26-30 years, and a significant portion from lower socio-economic backgrounds, with 66.67% falling into this category. A notable 65% of participants were multigravida, indicating a prevalence of experienced mothers. Emergency LSCS was the predominant mode of delivery, performed in 70% of cases, while 58% required blood transfusions, reflecting substantial intervention needs. Maternal morbidity was high (91%), though maternal mortality remained low (2%). Most participants (93.57%) were unbooked, suggesting low prenatal care, and 52.14% were illiterate. Placenta previa was the most frequent cause of APH, seen in 57% of cases. The study revealed significant neonatal morbidity and mortality, with 50.7% of newborns requiring NICU admission and 5.2% being stillborn

Conclusion: The study highlights that antepartum hemorrhage, primarily caused by Placenta previa, is associated with significant maternal and neonatal morbidity. High rates of emergency cesarean sections, blood transfusions, and neonatal complications were observed. Improved antenatal care, early diagnosis, and timely interventions are crucial to improve obstetrical outcomes.